Medical Surgical Nursing Practice Questions 16/2025: Day 170

Your Key to Nursing Success

Hey, nursing rockstars! Ready to dominate NORCET, RRB, KGMU, SGPGI, DSSSB, or JIPMER in 2025? Day 170 at logyanlo.in brings you a Medical Surgical Nursing Question Bank loaded with high-yield notes on Head Injury, Burn Injury, Skin Graft and Humby’s Knife, Bedsores, and Wound Healing. These topics are straight-up exam gold- perfect for tackling those tricky trauma and wound care questions. Let’s dive in and make these concepts stick! With our Nursing Test Series 2025, you’re set to shine and grab that top rank!

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Why Medical Surgical Nursing Matters

Medical Surgical Nursing is the heart of your exam prep. Here’s why it’s a big deal:

• Exam Weightage: 20–25% of NORCET and RRB questions hit trauma, burns, and wound care.
• Clinical Relevance: From head injuries to bedsores, these are real-world nursing challenges.
• Critical Thinking: Spotting complications like increased ICP or infection is key.
• Your Edge: Mastering these sets you apart in SGPGI, JIPMER, and more.
  logyanlo.in’s Test Series is your go-to for acing 2025 with confidence!

Key Topics in Medical Surgical Nursing

Head Injury

Quick Fact

Head injury can cause brain damage from trauma or increased intracranial pressure.

Complete Coverage

• Definition: Trauma to the scalp, skull, or brain, ranging from mild concussion to severe TBI (traumatic brain injury).
• Types:
  • Closed: No skull breach (e.g., concussion, contusion).
  • Open: Penetrating injury, skull fracture.
• Pathophysiology: Primary injury (impact) → secondary injury (edema, hypoxia, ↑ ICP).
• Clinical Signs: Headache, confusion, vomiting, loss of consciousness, Cushing’s triad (↑ BP, ↓ pulse, irregular breathing).
• Diagnostics:
  • Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS): 3–15 (severe <9).
  • CT scan: Detects hematoma, skull fracture.
  • ICP monitoring: Normal 7–15 mmHg.
• Complications: Epidural/subdural hematoma, brain herniation, seizures.
• Risk Factors: Falls, MVAs, sports injuries, alcohol use.
• Monitoring: Neurovitals (GCS, pupils), signs of ↑ ICP (papilledema).
• Exam Tip: Know GCS scoring and Cushing’s triad for NORCET.
• Why It Matters: Rapid recognition prevents brain damage or death.

Burn Injury

Quick Fact

Burn injury severity depends on depth and total body surface area (TBSA).

Complete Coverage

• Definition: Tissue damage from thermal, chemical, electrical, or radiation exposure.
• Classification:
  • First-degree: Epidermis only (e.g., sunburn); red, painful.
  • Second-degree: Epidermis + dermis; blisters, severe pain.
  • Third-degree: Full thickness; white/charred, painless (nerve damage).
• Pathophysiology: Protein denaturation, fluid loss → hypovolemic shock, hyperkalemia.
• TBSA Estimation: Rule of Nines (e.g., arm = 9%, torso = 18% front/back).
• Clinical Signs: Pain, blisters, edema, hypovolemia (tachycardia, hypotension).
• Diagnostics:
  • Labs: ↑ K+, ↓ Na+, ↑ hematocrit (hemoconcentration).
  • ABG: Metabolic acidosis, CO poisoning (carboxyhemoglobin).
• Complications: Infection (Pseudomonas), sepsis, ARDS, contractures.
• Fluid Resuscitation: Parkland formula (4 mL × kg × % TBSA, half in first 8 hours).
• Exam Pearl: Know Rule of Nines and Parkland formula for RRB.
• Why It Matters: Burns >20% TBSA risk life-threatening shock.

Skin Graft and Humby’s Knife

Quick Fact

Skin grafts cover burns or wounds; Humby’s knife harvests thin skin layers.

Complete Coverage

• Definition: Transfer of skin to cover defects (burns, ulcers, trauma).
• Types:
  • Split-thickness (STSG): Epidermis + partial dermis; donor sites heal.
  • Full-thickness (FTSG): Epidermis + entire dermis; better cosmesis.
• Humby’s Knife: Adjustable blade for harvesting STSG (0.2–0.5 mm thick).
• Indications: Large burns (>20% TBSA), non-healing wounds, reconstructive surgery.
• Procedure Basics:
  • Donor site: Thigh, buttock; dressed to heal (7–14 days).
  • Graft secured with sutures/staples, bolster dressing.
• Complications: Graft failure (hematoma, infection), donor site pain, scarring.
• Monitoring: Graft adherence, signs of rejection (discoloration), infection.
• Pathophysiology: Revascularization (48–72 hours) via angiogenesis.
• Exam Tip: Know STSG vs. FTSG differences for SGPGI questions.
• Why It Matters: Grafts prevent infection and promote healing in severe burns.

Bedsores

Quick Fact

Bedsores are pressure ulcers from prolonged immobility.

Complete Coverage

• Definition: Localized skin/tissue damage from prolonged pressure, shear, or friction.
• Stages:
  • Stage I: Non-blanchable erythema, intact skin.
  • Stage II: Partial-thickness loss, blister/ulcer.
  • Stage III: Full-thickness loss, subcutaneous exposure.
  • Stage IV: Muscle/bone exposure, necrosis.
• Pathophysiology: Pressure → ischemia → tissue necrosis (esp. bony prominences).
• Risk Factors: Immobility, malnutrition, diabetes, incontinence.
• Common Sites: Sacrum, heels, hips, elbows.
• Diagnostics: Visual staging, Braden Scale (risk assessment, score <18 = high risk).
• Complications: Infection (osteomyelitis), sepsis, delayed healing.
• Clinical Signs: Redness, pain, warmth (early); necrosis, drainage (late).
• Exam Pearl: Know Braden Scale and bedsore stages for DSSSB.
• Why It Matters: Bedsores increase hospital stay and mortality risk.

Wound Healing

Quick Fact

Wound healing occurs in four phases: hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, remodeling.

Complete Coverage

• Definition: Body’s process to repair tissue damage (cuts, burns, ulcers).
• Phases:
  • Hemostasis: Vasoconstriction, platelet plug, fibrin clot (minutes).
  • Inflammation: Neutrophils/macrophages clear debris (1–4 days).
  • Proliferation: Angiogenesis, granulation tissue, epithelialization (4–21 days).
  • Remodeling: Collagen remodeling, scar maturation (weeks–years).
• Types:
  • Primary intention: Clean, sutured wounds (surgical incisions).
  • Secondary intention: Open wounds heal naturally (ulcers).
  • Tertiary intention: Delayed closure (infected wounds).
• Complications: Infection, dehiscence, keloid formation, chronic wounds.
• Factors Affecting: Malnutrition (↓ protein), diabetes (↓ angiogenesis), steroids.
• Diagnostics: Wound culture (infection), biopsy (chronic wounds).
• Clinical Signs: Erythema/swelling (inflammation), granulation tissue (proliferation).
• Exam Tip: Know healing phases and complications for JIPMER.
• Why It Matters: Impaired healing risks infection and prolonged recovery.

Why logyanlo.in?

We’re your exam wingman! Our Test Series offers:

• Free NORCET & RRB 2025 question banks with detailed notes.
• Mobile-friendly quizzes for on-the-go prep.
• Mock tests for KGMU, SGPGI, DSSSB, JIPMER.
• High-yield content to master trauma and wound care.
• Join our Telegram/WhatsApp groups for tips and support!

Conclusion: Your 2025 Victory Awaits

Ready to crush NORCET & RRB 2025? Day 170’s Medical Surgical Nursing Question Bank at logyanlo.in is your key to mastering head injury, burn injury, skin grafts, bedsores, and wound healing. These notes are crafted to make you exam-ready with no fluff—just pure, rank-winning content! Dive into our Daily Question Bank for free practice and claim your top spot!

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