Anatomy & Physiology Rank-Booster Day
Hey, future AIIMS Nursing Officers! Day 190 at logyanlo.in is your complete Anatomy & Physiology masterclass for AIIMS NORCET 2025, RRB Staff Nurse, JIPMER, SGPGI & DSSSB. We're covering the most repeated topics: Fluids & Transport Mechanisms, Types of IV Solutions, Lower Limb Osteology, Upper Limb Nerves & Muscles, and Body Movements. These appear in every shift - master them and lock 15-20 marks! Let’s dominate 2025!
Why Anatomy & Physiology Is Exam Gold
Anatomy & Physiology = guaranteed high weightage:
- 15-20 % questions in AIIMS NORCET & RRB exams
- Cell transport, IV tonicity & brachial plexus are favourite diagram-based questions
- Body movements & limb bones appear in both theory + image-based sections
- Reflexes & muscle functions are repeated every year
logyanlo.in gives you only the high-yield, rank-making points!
Key Topics in Anatomy & Physiology
Basic Physiology: Fluids and Transport
Quick Fact
Osmosis is movement of water from low to high solute concentration.
Complete Coverage
Core Mechanisms
Diffusion: Passive movement of solutes from high to low concentration (no energy required)
Osmosis: Passive movement of water across semi-permeable membrane toward higher solute area
Plasma Composition
- 55 % of blood volume
- 92 % water, 7 % proteins (albumin, globulin, fibrinogen)
- Albumin maintains oncotic (colloid osmotic) pressure – prevents fluid leakage into tissues
Active Transport
Requires ATP – e.g., sodium-potassium pump (3 Na out, 2 K in)
Facilitated Diffusion
Carrier-mediated passive transport – e.g., glucose via GLUT transporters
Exam Pearl
Albumin low → edema (decreased oncotic pressure).
Types of Solutions (Tonicity)
Quick Fact
Isotonic solutions maintain normal cell size.
Complete Coverage
Tonicity Comparison Table
| Solution Type | Effect on RBC/Cell | Examples | Clinical Use |
|---|---|---|---|
| Isotonic | No change | 0.9 % NS, Ringer's Lactate | Volume expansion, maintenance |
| Hypotonic | Cell swells | 0.45 % NS, D5W | Cellular dehydration correction |
| Hypertonic | Cell shrinks | 3 % NS, D10W, Mannitol | Cerebral edema, hyponatremia |
Key Nursing Notes
- Hypotonic → risk of cerebral edema if rapid
- Hypertonic → pull fluid from cells, risk of phlebitis
Exam Pearl
0.9 % NS = isotonic, safe for blood transfusion mixing.
Lower Limb: Anatomy and Osteology
Quick Fact
Femur is the longest and strongest bone in the body.
Complete Coverage
Major Bones
- Femur: longest bone, neck fracture common in elderly
- Tibia: weight-bearing medial shin bone
- Fibula: lateral, non-weight-bearing
- Patella: largest sesamoid bone (in quadriceps tendon)
Vascular Highlight
Great Saphenous Vein (GSV): longest vein, foot to groin, used in CABG
Movement
Plantar flexion: pointing toes down (gastrocnemius primary muscle)
Exam Pearl
Patella = largest sesamoid bone.
Upper Limb: Nerves and Muscles (Brachial Plexus)
Quick Fact
Brachial plexus roots: C5–T1.
Complete Coverage
Major Nerves
- Radial: extensors – injury → wrist drop
- Median: forearm flexors – injury → carpal tunnel, ape hand
- Ulnar: intrinsic hand muscles – injury → claw hand
- Axillary: deltoid – injury → shoulder weakness
Key Muscles
- Serratus Anterior: boxer’s muscle, protraction – injury → winging of scapula
- Orbicularis Oris: kissing muscle, lip closure
- Pectoralis Major: anterior thoracic wall dominant, arm adduction
Exam Pearl
Wrist drop = radial nerve injury.
Body Movements
Quick Fact
Abduction moves limb away from midline.
Complete Coverage
Standard Movements
- Abduction: away from midline (e.g., raising arm sideways)
- Adduction: toward midline
- Eversion: sole outward (foot)
- Inversion: sole inward (foot)
- Flexion/Extension: bending/straightening
- Pronation/Supination: palm down/up
Clinical Relevance
Document ROM accurately for post-op & rehab
Exam Pearl
Eversion/inversion = ankle movements only.
Mini FAQ: A&P 2025 Hacks
Q: Longest bone? → Femur
Q: Isotonic IV fluid example? → 0.9 % NS
Q: Wrist drop nerve? → Radial
Q: Kissing muscle? → Orbicularis Oris
Q: Oncotic pressure protein? → Albumin
Why logyanlo.in?
Your 2025 A&P rank partner with free PYQs, diagram quizzes & Telegram community!
Conclusion: Your A&P Marks Are Locked!
Day 190 just gave you the complete anatomy & physiology package. Keep practising daily on our Daily Question Bank and watch your name in the merit list!
Call to Action
Share this post with your batchmates & Telegram groups – let's make 2025 ours!
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