Build Your Strong Nursing Foundation Today
Hello, dedicated AIIMS NORCET & ESIC Nursing Officer aspirants! Day 195 on logyanlo.in is all about strengthening the Fundamentals of Nursing- the backbone of every nursing officer exam in AIIMS NORCET 2025, ESIC Nursing Officer 2025 (1930 vacancies), RRB Staff Nurse, JIPMER, SGPGI & DSSSB. We’re focusing on the 8 essential topics: Assessment Scales, Medication Administration & Calculations, Basic Procedures, Biomedical Waste Management, Health Assessment & Vital Signs, Stoma Care, Wound Care, and Restraints & Mobility. These foundational concepts show up repeatedly - get them solid and secure 20+ marks easily! Grab your free PYQs PDF below and start building that top rank!
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The Secret Behind These Topics Scoring Big in Exams
Fundamentals of nursing form the core of patient care questions across major exams:
- They make up 20-25 % of AIIMS NORCET & ESIC Nursing Officer papers
- Medication calculations, vital signs interpretation & BMW rules are classic numerical/scenario favourites
- Wound care stages & restraint guidelines frequently test safe practice
- Assessment scales & mobility aids are must-know for practical sections
logyanlo.in brings you the most reliable, exam-focused insights to help you excel!
Essential Concepts You Must Master for Top Ranks
Assessment Scales
Quick Fact
Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) is the most widely used neurological assessment tool.
Complete Coverage
Common Scales Overview
| Scale | Purpose | Key Scoring / Features |
|---|---|---|
| Glasgow Coma Scale | Neurological status | Eye 4, Verbal 5, Motor 6 - total 3-15 |
| Braden Scale | Pressure ulcer risk | Sensory, moisture, activity, mobility, nutrition, friction – score <9 high risk |
| APGAR Score | Newborn assessment | Appearance, Pulse, Grimace, Activity, Respiration - at 1 & 5 minutes |
| Pain Scales (Numeric) | Pain intensity | 0-10 scale, FLACC for children |
| Morse Fall Scale | Fall risk | History, IV, gait, mental status |
Nursing Application
Use GCS for head injury monitoring, Braden for preventive skin care
High-yield fact for exams
GCS <8 = intubate.
Medication Administration & Calculations
Quick Fact
"6 Rights" of medication administration are mandatory.
Complete Coverage
6 Rights Checklist
Right patient, right drug, right dose, right route, right time, right documentation
Common Calculations
- Dose = (Desired / Have) × Volume
- Infusion rate = Total volume / Time (hours) mL/hr
- Drip rate = (Volume × Drop factor) / Time (min)
Safety Tips
Double-check high-alert drugs (insulin, heparin)
High-yield fact for exams
Microdrip = 60 gtt/mL.
Basic Procedures
Quick Fact
Hand hygiene is the single most effective infection prevention measure.
Complete Coverage
Key Procedures
- Hand washing: 4-60 seconds with soap
- PPE sequence: gown, mask, goggles, gloves
- Aseptic technique for dressing changes
- NG tube insertion: measure nose to earlobe to xiphoid
High-yield fact for exams
Alcohol rub for clean hands, soap for visibly soiled.
Biomedical Waste Management
Quick Fact
Yellow bag for infectious waste.
Complete Coverage
BMW Categories & Bags
| Category | Examples | Colour Bag |
|---|---|---|
| Infectious | Dressings, swabs, body fluids | Yellow |
| Sharps | Needles, blades | White puncture-proof |
| Cytotoxic | Chemotherapy waste | Yellow with cytotoxic symbol |
| General | Paper, food waste | Black |
Segregation Rule
At point of generation
High-yield fact for exams
Red bag = anatomical waste (placenta).
Health Assessment & Vital Signs
Quick Fact
Normal adult pulse 60–100 bpm.
Complete Coverage
Normal Ranges
- Temperature: 36.5–37.5 °C
- Pulse: 60–100 bpm
- Respiration: 12–20/min
- BP: <120/80 mmHg
Assessment Order
Inspection, palpation, percussion, auscultation (abdomen reverse)
High-yield fact for exams
Kussmaul respiration = metabolic acidosis.
Stoma Care
Quick Fact
Colostomy stoma usually left lower quadrant.
Complete Coverage
Types
Ileostomy (liquid), colostomy (formed)
Care
Skin protection, empty pouch when 1/3 full, measure output
Complications
Peristomal hernia, skin excoriation
High-yield fact for exams
Ileostomy output high – monitor electrolytes.
Wound Care
Quick Fact
Wound healing phases: inflammatory, proliferative, maturation.
Complete Coverage
Healing Types
Primary intention (clean surgical), secondary (granulation)
Dressing
Moist environment for healing
Signs of Infection
Redness, swelling, pus, fever
High-yield fact for exams
Pressure ulcer stage IV = bone/tendon visible.
Restraints & Mobility
Quick Fact
Restraints are last resort – alternatives first.
Complete Coverage
Types
Physical (vest, limb), chemical
Guidelines
Doctor order, frequent checks (circulation, skin), release q2h
Mobility Aids
Walker, cane, crutches – proper fitting
High-yield fact for exams
Restraint use requires documentation every 15 min initially.
Frequently Asked Questions in Nursing Exams 2025
Q: 6 Rights of medication? → Right patient, drug, dose, route, time, documentation
Q: BMW yellow bag for? → Infectious waste
Q: GCS full score? → 15
Q: Normal adult respiration rate? → 12–20/min
Q: Restraints check frequency? → Circulation every 15–30 min
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Recommended Book: Fundamentals of Nursing by Potter & Perry
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Conclusion: Your Foundation for Success Is Set!
Day 195 has equipped you with rock-solid fundamentals. Stay consistent with practice, and that nursing officer position is within reach!
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