Your Genitourinary Nursing System Rank-Booster Day
Hey, future AIIMS NORCET & UKMSSB Nursing Officers! Day 185 at logyanlo.in is your complete Genitourinary System masterclass for AIIMS NORCET 2025, UKMSSB Nursing Officer 2025 (690 posts – apply before Dec 17!), RRB Staff Nurse, JIPMER, SGPGI & DSSSB. We're covering the 7 most repeated topics: Nephrotic Syndrome, Chronic Renal Failure/CKD, Hemodialysis, Nephrectomy, Acute Kidney Injury (AKI), Hydronephrosis, and Pyelonephritis. These appear in every shift – master them and lock 15–20 marks! Let’s dominate 2025!
Why Genitourinary Nursing Is Exam Gold
GU system = guaranteed high weightage:
- 15–20 % questions in AIIMS NORCET & UKMSSB Nursing Officer exams
- Nephrotic tetrad, CKD staging & hemodialysis complications are favourite scenarios
- AKI phases & pyelonephritis appear in both theory + image-based sections
- Hydronephrosis & nephrectomy are repeated every year
logyanlo.in gives you only the high-yield, rank-making points!
Key Topics in Genitourinary Nursing
Nephrotic Syndrome
Quick Fact
Nephrotic syndrome tetrad: massive proteinuria (>3.5 g/day), hypoalbuminemia, edema, hyperlipidemia.
Complete Coverage
Definition & Pathophysiology
Nephrotic syndrome is a glomerular disorder with increased basement membrane permeability → heavy protein loss in urine.
Classic Tetrad
- Massive proteinuria (>3.5 g/day)
- Hypoalbuminemia (<3 g/dL)
- Generalized edema (anasarca)
- Hyperlipidemia (liver compensates by ↑ LDL/VLDL)
Causes
Minimal change disease (children), FSGS, membranous nephropathy (adults).
Clinical Features
Periorbital edema (morning), pitting edema (legs), ascites, pleural effusion, frothy urine.
Complications
- Infection risk (loss of immunoglobulins)
- Thromboembolism (loss of antithrombin III)
- Acute kidney injury (hypovolemia)
Diagnostics
Urine protein/creatinine ratio >3.5, serum albumin <3 g/dL, cholesterol >300 mg/dL, renal biopsy.
Management
Corticosteroids, diuretics, low-salt diet, ACE inhibitors, treat cause.
Exam Pearl
Frothy urine + massive proteinuria + edema = nephrotic (not nephritic).
Chronic Renal Failure / CKD
Quick Fact
CKD staging based on GFR: Stage 5 <15 mL/min (end-stage).
Complete Coverage
Staging (KDIGO)
Stage 1: GFR ≥90 with albuminuria
Stage 2: GFR 60–89
Stage 3: GFR 30–59
Stage 4: GFR 15–29
Stage 5: GFR <15 or dialysis
Leading Causes
Diabetes mellitus (40 %), hypertension (30 %), glomerulonephritis
Uremia Symptoms
Fatigue, anorexia, nausea, anaemia (EPO deficiency), renal bone disease, fluid overload
Management
EPO injections (Hb 10–11 g/dL), low Na/K/Phos diet, phosphate binders, dialysis
Exam Pearl
Most common cause worldwide = diabetes mellitus.
Hemodialysis
Quick Fact
Hemodialysis uses diffusion and ultrafiltration.
Complete Coverage
Principle
Diffusion (solutes) + ultrafiltration (fluid) across semipermeable membrane.
Access Types
AV fistula (gold standard), AV graft, central catheter (temporary).
AVF Care
Check thrill/bruit daily, no BP/IV on AVF arm, elevate arm.
Complications
Hypotension, cramps, disequilibrium syndrome, infection.
Exam Pearl
AVF = preferred long-term access.
Nephrectomy
Quick Fact
Radical nephrectomy is standard for renal cell carcinoma.
Complete Coverage
Indications
Renal cell carcinoma, severe trauma, hydronephrosis.
Types
Partial (preserves tissue), radical (kidney + adrenal + fat), simple (kidney only).
Nursing Care
Monitor bleeding, strict I/O on remaining kidney, pain control.
Exam Pearl
Radical includes adrenal gland removal.
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)
Quick Fact
AKI classified as prerenal, intrinsic, postrenal.
Complete Coverage
Classification
Prerenal (hypoperfusion), intrinsic (parenchymal), postrenal (obstruction).
Phases
Oliguric, diuretic, recovery.
Management
Volume assessment, K+ control, dialysis if needed.
Exam Pearl
FeNa <1 % = prerenal AKI.
Hydronephrosis
Quick Fact
Dilation of renal pelvis and calyces due to obstruction.
Complete Coverage
Causes
Stones, BPH, pregnancy, strictures.
Symptoms
Flank pain, low output, palpable kidney.
Management
Stent/nephrostomy, treat cause.
Exam Pearl
Most common in elderly male = BPH.
Pyelonephritis
Quick Fact
Upper UTI involving renal pelvis and parenchyma.
Complete Coverage
Etiology
E. coli (80 %).
Signs
Fever, CVA tenderness, dysuria.
Diagnosis
Urine culture, WBC casts.
Treatment
IV antibiotics + fluids.
Exam Pearl
CVA tenderness + fever = pyelonephritis.
Mini FAQ: GU Nursing 2025 Hacks
Q: Nephrotic tetrad? → Proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, edema, hyperlipidemia
Q: Most common cause of CKD? → Diabetes mellitus
Q: Gold standard hemodialysis access? → AV fistula
Q: AKI phases? → Oliguric, diuretic, recovery
Q: Pyelonephritis hallmark? → CVA tenderness
Why logyanlo.in?
Your 2025 GU rank partner with free PYQs, diagram quizzes & Telegram community!
Conclusion: Your GU Marks Are Locked!
Day 185 just gave you the complete genitourinary package. Keep practising daily on our Daily Question Bank and watch your name in the merit list!
Call to Action
Share this post with your batchmates & Telegram groups – let's make 2025 ours!
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